Online Google Dictionary

confound 中文解釋 wordnet sense Collocation Usage Collins Definition
Exclamation
/kənˈfound/,
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confounds, 3rd person singular present; confounded, past participle; confounding, present participle; confounded, past tense;
  1. Used to express anger or annoyance
    • - oh, confound it, where is the thing?
Verb
  1. Cause surprise or confusion in (someone), esp. by acting against their expectations
    • - the inflation figure confounded economic analysts
  2. Prove (a theory, expectation, or prediction) wrong
    • - the rise in prices confounded expectations
  3. Defeat (a plan, aim, or hope)
    • - we will confound these tactics by the pressure groups
  4. Overthrow (an enemy)

  5. Mix up (something) with something else so that the individual elements become difficult to distinguish
    • - 'nuke' is now a cooking technique, as microwave radiation is confounded with nuclear radiation
  1. confuse: be confusing or perplexing to; cause to be unable to think clearly; "These questions confuse even the experts"; "This question completely threw me"; "This question befuddled even the teacher"
  2. confuse: mistake one thing for another; "you are confusing me with the other candidate"; "I mistook her for the secretary"
  3. (confounded) baffled: perplexed by many conflicting situations or statements; filled with bewilderment; "obviously bemused by his questions"; "bewildered and confused"; "a cloudy and confounded philosopher"; "just a mixed-up kid"; "she felt lost on the first day of school"
  4. In statistics, a confounding variable (also confounding factor, lurking variable, a confound, or confounder) is an extraneous variable in a statistical model that correlates (positively or negatively) with both the dependent variable and the independent variable. ...
  5. To confuse; to mix up; to puzzle; To fail to see the difference; to mix up; to confuse right and wrong; To make something worse; To cause to be ashamed; to abash; To defeat; To damn; To frustrate, to thwart; To bring to ruination
  6. (confounded) Confused; thwarted
  7. (Confounded) The situation in which the effect of a controlled variable is inextricably mixed with that of another, uncontrolled variable. ...
  8. An extraneous variable that may influence the results of an experiment.
  9. in experimental research, a situation where two variables change simultaneously, making it impossible to determine their relative influence.
  10. In the current context, "to confound" is to fail to detect a confounding bias prior to carrying out a piece of research, with the end result that cause-and-effect interpretation of the results becomes unsafe. "A confound" is the confounding variable doing the damage.
  11. to cause one to become confused