- the state of being certain; "his certainty reassured the others"
- something that is certain; "his victory is a certainty"
- An entity included in a sample with certainty has a selection probability of one.
- for any property R, if the reduced state W assigns probability 1 or probability 0 to R, then R is in the set of all possibly-possessed properties.
- According to Beccaria, a punishment must be certain to follow from the crime in order to be an effective deterrent. ...
- 'Certainty' is not defined in information theory. However, Claude Shannon apparently discovered that one can measure uncertainty. By implication, there is no measure for 'certainty'. The best one can have is a decrease of uncertainty, and this is Shannon's information measure. ...
- The degree to which we are sure that some result is significant; that is, not due to chance. The point of much statistical analysis is to separate out, from the random background noise of chance variation, any effects that are probably produced by other causes. ...
- Precise knowledge of an economic variable, as opposed to belief that it could take on multiple values. Contrasts with uncertainty. One aspect of complete information.
- Situation in which there is absolutely no doubt about which event will occur, and there is only one state of nature with 100% probability attached.
- An event that is certain to happen in a probability experiment. Example:Drawing an odd number when selecting one number from a bag containing 6 slips of paper with the numbers 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11 on them
- means that the patient is told that they will receive treatment within the next six months and that the treatment date will be provided closer to the time.
- (1) Assurance of one’s beliefs (also “certitude”). (2) The impossibility of a proposition being false. VT emphasized that Christian truth is certain and should be presented as a certainty, not a mere probability, q.v.
- The greatest certainty in life is the impending death of every person. Philosophers can speculate at length about epistemology, metaphysics, and ethics, but death is the great issue of life. Whether one speculates about creation or evolution, reason vs. faith, realism vs. ...
- How to state your results because you can be certain about what you found.
- A condition under which it is assumed that future values are known for sure and only one result is associated with an action.
- A state of mind in which no doubt exists about some cause-and-effect relationships. It is unethical to be certain about anything except the existence of our own thoughts and perceptions, which are not cause-and-effect relationships. The need for certainty may be the fatal flaw in human nature. ...
- the feeling or belief that something is for true
- A dimension of defensive communication climate that emphasizes a group member's belief that he or she has all the answers or knows in advance what another group member is going to say or do.
- In logic, the position that what is being observed could not have occurred by chance; 100 percent level of confidence. Certainty also refers to an attitude that is closed-minded, thus not considerate of alternative positions or points of view. ...
- a condition in which managers possess full knowledge of alternatives; have a high probability of these being available; can calculate the costs and benefits of each alternative; and have high predictability of outcomes.
- in mediation, the parties are in control of their own destinies and any agreement reached has contractual force which can be enforced by the courts.